7 Billion People, World Face the Problem of Human Stools

Jakarta, the UN estimates the world population to reach 7 billion on 31 October. There are still 2.6 billion people who defecate carelessly so that there are more than 200 million tons of human waste is not handled properly which will impact on the health condition.

In developing countries, 90 percent of human waste is dumped directly into lakes, rivers and oceans. Even some of the exhaust system already look old so it could be destroyed if hit by heavy rains.

World Health Organization (WHO) said if all this waste is not handled properly, it will increase the public health crisis that is estimated to kill 1.4 million children each year, namely a child every 20 seconds. This amount is greater than the incorporation of cases of AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.

Currently sanitation still not getting serious attention compared to other health problems. The UN was therefore set a goal to reduce the number of people who do not get basic sanitation.

"Sanitation is not an attractive or sexy issue to be discussed, as well as sometimes seen taboo in many contexts," said Dan Yeo, a senior policy analyst at WaterAid, as quoted by LiveScience, Wednesday (10/26/2011).

Yeo said that this taboo issue becomes one of the reasons that make sanitation difficult to be separated from the main issues in people's minds. Generally, if built good sanitation, the people will want to come and use it.

In addition to defecate in the bush (open BAB) is still a major sanitation problem of society, whereas pathogenic bacteria from feces can get into the village and often contaminate the public water supply that can trigger the disease and also urinary tract infections.

Even so some cultures and ways of thinking in using the bathroom sometimes become a hindrance to good sanitation to socialize, so it took its own approach.

To create good sanitary latrines are not only needed, but also need for adequate plumbing so that this human waste will not contaminate ground water or public shelter.

UN reveals the proportion of people living in urban slums around the world has dropped from 39 percent (in 2000) to 33 percent (in 2010). However, if seen from the number actually increased by about 828 million slums worldwide in 2010.

"The physical layout of the urban slum latrine construction difficult, high-density human waste is also high and unfortunately not followed by an optimal latrine construction," said Yeo.

It required a serious in addressing the problem of sanitation in the community along with the continued increase of population in the world.

Number of countries that sixteen men could More Dangerous

Jakarta, the world population will reach 7 billion in late October 2011. But the ratio of male and female population at this time alone is not ideal because the more the male population. Countries that have a lot of males are considered dangerous and considered a threat to other nations.

Experts warned that the unequal sex ratio could fuel the emergence of a society dominated by single people who encouraged aggressive competition to find a mate, a power struggle in the form of war or the emergence of sex tourism.

Nature provides a comparison of the biological standard of rigid gender as much as 104-106 males for every 100 women. Any significant differences from a narrow range can only be explained by factors that are abnormal.

In India and Vietnam, the ratio of women and men the figure is about 112 boys for every 100 girls. In China, nearly 120 boys to 100 girls and in some places there are even higher than 130 boys.

And this trend is increasingly spreading. In the South Caucasus region such as Azerbaijan, Georgia and Armenia, the ratio of its birth more than 115 boys to 100 girls and remained as such up to the west, Serbia and Bosnia.

Experts from France Christophe Guilmoto population have called 'an alarming demographic masculinization'. The consequences of this phenomenon in countries like India and China as a result of abortion remains unclear.

But many experts believe that the lack of adult women who experienced at this time will have an impact in the next 50 years as the impact of climate change.

Global awareness of the problem was revived in 1990 through an article Nobel laureate Indian economist, Amartya Sen with the title of the famous 'More Than 100 Million Women Are Missing'.

In the article it is explained that the low ratio of women at this time due to the traditional choices of boys, decreased fertility, and the most important is the emergence of inexpensive technology to determine the sex before birth.

A total of an estimated half a million female fetuses are aborted every year in India, according to a study by the British medical journal, The Lancet.

"In the past, villagers had to go into town to get a sonogram (ultrasound). Now, the sonographer was the one who went to the villages to serve people who want to have boys," said Poonam Muttreja, executive director of the non-profit foundation Population Foundation in India as quoted by The Sydney Morning Herald, Friday (10/28/2011).

How changes that may be realized to solve this problem is still hotly debated. Some people estimate the increase in polyandry and sex tourism. While others predict the emergence of a disaster due to the excess of men in society will lead to the murder of sex, violence and conflict are considered legitimate.

Political scientist Valerie Hudson and Andrea den Boer, has announced this concern several years ago. They wrote that the Asian countries by the number of men who are too much will cause a security threat in Western countries.

"The high ratio of sexes in society can only be ruled by authoritarian regimes capable of suppressing violence at home and exporting it abroad through colonization or war," said Hudson and Boer.

Mara Hvistendahl, a correspondent for Science magazine and author of Unnatural Selection which was recently published, says that fears of a full-scale war is not unfounded and India remains a developing country democracies, despite the very high gender imbalance. But he agrees with the underlying argument.

"Historically, a society where men outnumber women is not a pleasant place to live. They are often unstable and violent," he said.

UN agencies have issued similar warnings about the relationship between the scarcity of women, increased sex trade and the movement of marriage. Meanwhile, several solutions have been offered. Abortion is illegal in China and India, but officials say that the law is very difficult to enforce.

"There is no ultimate weapon. In some countries in Eastern Europe, people really do not realize what was happening," said Guilmoto.

He believes the first priority is to ensure that this problem actually published, not only in developing countries alone. In advanced countries in Europe and America does have a comparison of the number of women more than men.

Fruit Enlarge Chest with Slap Breast Therapy

Bangkok, therapy or breast slap breast slap was first popularized in Thailand. This therapy is done by massaging and patting or slapping the breast that is believed to enlarge women's breasts.

Slap Breast Khemmikka first introduced by Na Songkhla, alternative beauty therapist who lives in Bangkok. He himself get that knowledge from her grandmother, who diligently massaging her breasts since she was a teenager with herbal cream and then patted it with a technique known today.

For over 20 years, Khemmikka who is now aged 44 years is still active to serve patients who want to enlarge breasts in his clinic, located in Bangkok. Patients came from various ages, ranging from the remains of 20 years until an old woman's 70-year age.

"Slapping works by shifting fat from one area to another, squeezing the excess fat in the breast," explains Khemmikka Na Songkhla, as reported by Dailymail, Wednesday (21/09/2011).

According to the Independent, a study by the Ministry of Health of Thailand found that volunteers who became greater measurable breast massage. Ministry of Health of Thailand and even sponsored a program for women to learn to slap their own breasts in order to increase the size of her breasts as an alternative to surgery or breast implants.

"If your breasts measuring 30 inches (76.2 cm) we will note with your signature. After treatment your breasts will be enlarged to 32 inches (81.2 cm). We will record and you have to sign again," explained Khemmikka.



Another advantage of the slap is not to trigger breast swelling and inflammation in the lymph glands as well as on silicone implants. Inflammation in the lymph glands is one of the worst effects of silicone implants leaks that accumulate in the surrounding tissue and can damage the immune system.

However, not all patients can perform this breast slap therapy. Khemmikka said he sometimes reject some people breasts size too small so it is difficult to be enlarged.

How do patients respond?

"I loved it. I came here because I do not want to undergo plastic surgery. This treatment provides instant results and is safe for my body. After treatment, I felt a little sore but I can stand it," explained one of his customers are satisfied with Khemmikka the results.

Not only can enlarge breasts, slap therapy could also benefit the chubby face to make cheekbones and chin appear more clearly.



"I learned to slap the face because I am one million percent believe it is a natural beauty treatment," explained Khemmikka.

With 10 minutes in Khemmikka clinic, patients can enlarge the breast by paying the price is quite affordable, which is about $ 380 or about USD 3.3 million. This price is much cheaper when compared to the price of implants is the average of Rp 49 million.

6 Men Dream Ready to Help Young Women's Breast Check

Jakarta, breast cancer is often diagnosed too late because the women forgot or did rarely perform routine checks. To help remember the examination schedule, busy women who can ask the sixth man's dream.

As the name implies, men 6 of this dream never existed in the real world. His figure can only be found in smart phones or smartphones, because the men are just part of Your Man Reminder application that was released by the organization concerned about breast cancer, Rethink Breast Cancer.

Once the application is intended for young women is installed, the men would appear on the screen according to the schedule can be arranged. Appearance is just to remind once motivate owners to perform breast examinations.

"Young women are often too busy and sometimes need a reminder to not forget to frequently check her breasts," said MJ DeCoteau, executive director of Rethink Breast Cancer as quoted by MarketWatch, Friday (09/23/2011).

The launch of this application is deliberately made to coincide with the month of breast cancer care, which is celebrated this month across the United States. Not just this year, Rethink Breast Cancer has also been campaigning for examination of the breast regularly since 2006.

Breast cancer screening does not necessarily done with the mammogram at the hospital, but it can be done alone at home. You do this by feel, then look at any lumps and abnormalities both in form and texture of breast skin.

Examination procedures are abbreviated by TLC (Touch, Look, and Check) This is one form of early detection of breast cancer. If found any lumps or abnormalities in the breast, then further testing can be done with a mammogram.

Male Breast Massage So Controversy

Shanghai, a service company in China to train the men to give a breast massage in lactating mothers in order to increase milk production. Instead flooded with many customers, professional breast masseurs man who is even to be controversial.

As Shanghaidaily released on Thursday (9/29/2011), June Xia, CEO of the company's services claimed to have spent three months to attend the class so he gets the official qualifications as a tutor breast masseurs. He intends to issue a certificate of China Employment Training Technical Instruction Center.

After obtaining the certificate, Xia says it will train its employees to be able to massage the breast with a scientific way, good for women employees as well as men. He also will help employees gain formal qualifications as a professional breast masseurs.

Xia argued many breast masseurs who have no qualifications. On the other hand is currently more interested in young mothers to breastfeed their own babies so need to learn the proper technique for breastfeeding, since many commercial formulas contain banned substances such as melamine that caused hundreds of thousands of infants fell ill.

How do people react?

The doctors at the hospital of the city of Shanghai said the service is totally unnecessary. Hou doctors working in child and maternity hospitals in the famous city of Shanghai said the young mothers can actually increase its own production of milk only to breastfeed their babies with a certain time frame.

While the residents also said there would be no woman or her husband, who allowed a strange man massaging her breasts if they can hire a female masseuse.

"Hard to believe, whether a husband will menizinkan others massaged her breasts? I prefer to learn how and do it myself," said Xu Boshi, young mothers aged 24 years.

The community also expressed doubts about the skills of professional and scientific claims for breast massage. The reason is because the training course only takes 10 to 18 days.

Xia said that the future of male breast masseurs depends on the tolerance of society. When comparing going to the gynecologist and obstetrician men, then this service is thought to be cheaper because the only interesting fare 300 yuan (U.S. $ 46) to 500 yuan per hour or equivalent to Rp 421980-703300.

Can breast with Injectable Fat But Gede Gede also risks

1. West Sussex, Enlarge breast with fat injections without surgery more and more popular women. But the leading plastic surgeons warn that this procedure could increase the risk of cancer and should be banned.
2. Breast augmentation with fat injections, known as 'boob job jabs' done by injecting fat and stem cells (stem cells) in the breast so that the volume increases.
3. Stem cells used to help keep the fats are in the 'place' and eat the blood, leading to a more natural-looking results.
4. This procedure is performed by taking fat and stem cells derived from the waist, hips, thighs or buttocks in order to display your breasts look great without having surgery.
5. The procedure cost £ 6000 (about USD 83 million) is becoming more popular than conventional breast surgery procedures, because in addition to enlarge the breasts, fat transfers also make the body more slender women.
6. Marc Pacifico, consultant plastic and reconstruction surgeon, warned that the experiment shows taking cells out of place can cause cells to be 'naughty' and disrupt the delicate chemistry.
7. "The technique of fat transfer is becoming increasingly popular with a great aesthetic results, but we do not know about the long-term effects," said Marc Pacifico of the Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, West Sussex, as reported by Dailymail, Tuesday (04/10/2011).
8. At the meeting of the British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons in Birmingham, Pacifico said that living cells can be more dangerous than silicone implants.
9. "I want this procedure is prohibited. They do not have to provide for breast enlargement for cosmetic reasons. The warning should be very clear and given to the public, they are not subject to this treatment until they have heard from reliable sources such as the Royal Colleges or the association of surgeons, that It is safe, "said Fazel Fatah, president of the British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons.
10. There are no official figures about the amount of fat injection procedure that has been done, but Pacifico said the procedure is popular because it seems to offer good results.
11. "We can not say that this procedure will inevitably lead to breast cancer but everyone should think that this procedure has a long-term risk of breast cancer," said Pacifico.

Things that feared During Operation Enlarge Breasts

Jakarta, many women who crave to have big breasts and sexy. That is why breast enlarging operation became popular among women. But there is still a lot of information about cosmetic surgery is feared. What?

Breast enlargement surgery (breast augmentation) is a cosmetic surgery procedure that aims to enhance breast size and improve the contour of the breast for aesthetic reasons or to achieve a better body proportions.

Women can choose the operation with saline or silicone implants. Saline implants are usually filled with saline solution (saline) while the silicon is filled with silicone gel, viscous liquid-like fat people. Some women prefer to use silicone implants because it looks like natural breast tissue.

Breast enlargement surgery is a safe and effective procedure that has been used by millions of women around the world. But there are some things to fear from this operation as reported around timesofindia, Tuesday (10/11/2011):

The fear: with silicone breast implants cause breast cancer
In fact, after intensive testing performed by the surgeon and the U.S. Drug Administration (FDA), FDA has approved silicone breast implants that are safe and effective when used according to label. According to the FDA, so far no evidence linking silicone implants with breast cancer or life threatening diseases.

The fear: breast implants cause complications during breastfeeding
In fact, breast implants placed behind the breast tissue between the chest muscle. This placement does not interfere with the breast tissue or nipple area where concentrated milk ducts. Many women with breast implants successfully provide breast milk to her baby.

The fear: After pregnancy and breast implants will be greater
In fact, just as women without implants. Women with breast implants will have larger breasts during pregnancy and will return to normal after delivery. This is a normal process and pregnancy does not affect the size of breast implants.

The fear: The sensation of the breast will be lost due to breast enlargement surgery
In fact, loss of breast sensation is a sensation that is felt while women after surgery. Sensation in the nipple and breast area may be decreased several weeks after surgery but will be back when the body has been accustomed to the implant.

The fear: When operating, the original breast will be appointed to prepare a place implants
In fact, the surgeon will make a kind of pocket or space under the breast tissue to place the implant, so that the original breast does not need to be removed. Implants can be placed in sub-gland, which is between the chest muscle and breast tissue or sub-muscular under pectoral muscle.

Real Cost of Selling Kidneys to Shrink Breast

Ilustrasi (foto: Thinkstock)

Bangalore, Memiliki payudara besar tidak selalu membanggakan, kadang malah menyakiti punggung. Seorang perempuan India merasa perlu mengecilkan payudaranya yang masing-masing seberat 8 kg, sampai-sampai rela jual ginjalnya untuk ongkos operasi.

Perempuan berusia 22 tahun asal Bangalore, India tersebut seharusnya bangga dengan sepasang payudara yang berukuran masing-masing 8 kg. Namun payudara sebesar itu justru membuat tulang punggungnya sakit-sakitan dan ia sendiri susah mencari ukuran baju yang sesuai.

"Saya juga sering dihina orang karena payudara ini. Saya lalu pergi ke sebuah rumah sakit swasta dan saya pikir mereka bisa membantu saya, tetapi ternyata biayanya sangat mahal," ungkap perempuan itu kepada Bangalore Mirror, seperti dikutip dari Harleymedical, Senin (17/10/2011).

Setelah mengkonsultasikan kondisinya pada dokter, perempuan yang namanya sengaja dirahasiakan ini memutuskan bahwa payudaranya harus dikecilkan lewat operasi. Ia bahkan rela salah satu ginjalnya dijual untuk menutup biaya operasi yang baginya tidak terjangkau karena terlalu mahal.

Beruntung, para ahli bedah plastik di Amerika tengah mencari pasien untuk acara Aesthetic Breast Reduction Workshop. Perempuan itu ditawari operasi gratis dalam rangka workshop, yang tentunya langsung disetujui dan rencana untuk menjual ginjal akhirnya dibatalkan.

Operasi akan dilakukan dalam waktu dekat di Amerika Serikat, dalam rangkaian workshop yang diikuti oleh sekitar 100 orang dokter. Salah satu dokter yang akan menangani perempuan asal Bangalore itu adalah Dr Mune Gowda, dokter bedah plastik yang sehari-hari berpraktik di Detroit.

"Punya payudara besar kadang merepotkan. Dalam kasus seperti ini, operasi pengecilan payudara mejadi prosedur fungsional dan bukan sekedar prosedur kosmetik," ungkap Dr Gowda yang sedikitnya telah melakukan 1.000 kali operasi pengecilan payudara sepanjang karirnya.

Singles Gastric Bypass, family can catch Bony

Jakarta, If a family of overweight, do not rush to plan for everything gastric bypass. Just one person who underwent the operation, then the effect can be felt by one family together. This phenomenon is called the Halo Effect.

Halo is a white circle that often appears around the moon or the sun when the sky was clear or slightly hazy. Named Halo Effect because of the effects of gastric bypass patients not only felt concerned, but also by family around him.

In a recent study conducted Woodart Gavit, MD from Stanford School of Medicine, the phenomenon of Halo Effect on gastric bypass surgery is observed quite real. The people are one family member to undergo gastric bypass average weight decreased 3.5 kg in 12 months.

"Other family members experienced significant weight loss compared to before there is a gastric bypass surgery," wrote Woodart in a report in the journal Archives of Surgery, as quoted by ScienceDaily, Wednesday (19/10/2011).

For gastric bypass patients themselves, the operation that aims to shrink the stomach capacity is effectively lose weight up to 2-5 percent in the same period ie 12 months. With gastric bypass opreasi, appetite will go down and absorption is also reduced.

His influence gastric bypass surgery for other family members are not limited to weight gain. Judging from his waistline, other family members are also looking increasingly slim waistline than the original average of 119 cm to 112 cm on average within 12 months.

Lifestyle as a whole is also affected, because a family sport tends to be more diligent when there is a gastric bypass. Likewise, alcohol drinking habits, portions are decreased from average 11.4 ratas glass / month to 0.8 cups / month.

Marathon runners Many Excess Drinking Water

Jakarta, 'Drink before thirsty', so people are always warned not to become dehydrated (lack body fluids). Because thirst is a signal your body is dehydrated. But it is apparently not true for most of the marathon athletes are more often excess drinking water.

Marathon runners according to a recent survey that appears in the latest issue of Sports Health, nearly half of the marathon runners drinking too much during the race.

Marathon athletes generally do not know how to maintain proper hydration, but is too focused on the fear of dehydration. As a result, marathon runners who drink continuously even result in loss of sodium ions and lead to hyponatremia (water intoxication).

As reported by The New York Times, Thursday (10/06/2011), in recent years, some marathon runners die from drinking too much, a dangerous condition called hyponatremia or water intoxication. Hyponatremia is characterized by levels of sodium in the blood are low.

Drinking too much water causes sodium levels to be low. Drinking plenty of water to make a liquid such as sodium lost through sweating or urination due to too much water in the body can dilute sodium levels in the blood.

If that happens then osmosis will draw water from the blood into body cells to equalize levels of sodium and the cells were swollen. If the cells swell and it happens in the brain, the result is fatal.

Research has been conducted on marathon runners showed ignorance athletes how to drink a good rule for runners. Some runners may drink too much water or other liquids consumed. On the other hand there are also runners who drank too little water or other liquids.

The report says the majority of the runners did not know that whether the amount of water you drink is safe or not.

Most experts are now beginning to provide advice on marathon runners to drink less. The experts focused on marathon runners because hyponatremia is rare in the race with a duration lasting less than 4 hours.

Recent guidelines from the International Marathon Medical Directors Association explicitly told to drink only when thirsty. But new research suggests that, many marathon runners who do not heed these recommendations.

A second survey conducted by researchers at Loyola University Medical Center and has been published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine in June 2011. The survey reached the conclusion that, almost half of the runners may drink too much during the race that they follow.

Only half of the runners surveyed by Loyola researchers reported that they only drink when thirsty. The others drank a predetermined schedule, and nearly 10 percent told researchers that they drink as much as possible.

"Drink as much as possible is a thing that can be dangerous and contrary to the latest guidelines from the International Marathon Medical Directors Association," said Dr.. James Winger, a professor of family medicine and lead author of the study.

"The athletes said they drink when thirsty not because responding to the recommendations of experts. Most would prefer to drink more, but some athletes have experienced indigestion. Indigestion caused by drinking with higher numbers it is a condition that is more persuasive to be prevent athletes from excessive fluid intake, "said Dr.. Winger.

"The conclusion that can be drawn from these studies it is advisable to drink when the body needs, which can be marked when we feel thirsty. This is a great way to protect yourself against hyponatremia and also against dehydration. Haus is a highly precise indicators that can describe the body's hydration status the truth, "said Dr.. Winger.

Intentionally Not Exercise Because It's So Fat Want to Know

Jakarta, a fitness trainer does not want only theorize as to teach the importance of maintaining weight loss. In order to really know it was so fat, she desperately to change his athlete's body to be fat like people who never exercise.

Drew Manning (30 years), fitness trainer from Utah inadvertently let his body damaged by curious how it feels overweight. From the original athletic and very muscular, Manning turned it like most gentlemen of his age, namely potbellied.

In the project, he gave time for herself for 6 months to raise the weight as much as 80 lbs (36.29 kg). In the next 6 months, the project behind the back of the body fat to be athletic as before.

Today, with 2.5 months left Manning has managed to increase his weight of 193 lbs (87.5 kg) to 263.3 lbs (119.3 kg). Although still less about 4.5 kg more sticks target, but his stomach had started to bulge and his muscles to sag due to fat.

Efforts are being made the father of 2 children, among others, include eating different types of unhealthy foods that were chosen by fans through the site fit2fat2fit.com. Day-to-day he is also more relaxing, whereas before he was very diligent exercise.

In addition to physical changes visible from the outside, Manning's health is also affected since his body ballooned. According to doctors who always monitor the condition, Manning increased blood pressure, down to my level of testosterone teenager in puberty and become more mentally unstable and easy emotion.

"On October 12, my romp in the kitchen with my son 2 years. Only 15 rounds, I was not able to. Frankly, I am very depressed with this situation," Manning said as quoted from Dailymail, Friday (21/10 / 2011).

With these changes greatly abused, Manning completed his first project will want to fatten the body to 5 November. After it is time to look forward to, ie a strict diet to restore his muscular physique as before.

Here is the development of body shape Manning:

Weekend to-8





Week of the 12th







Week of the 16th







Week-20







Before and after

Often Running Sports Women Make Breast Pain

Jakarta, morning exercise like running and aerobics are good for heart health and overall body health. But for women, exercise can cause pain in the breast.

Sporting activities such as running or aerobics can cause repetitive bouncing movements, which can cause pain in the breast. The pain can last up to a day after a workout and can make the breasts become sensitive to touch.

Female breast consists of fat cells, mammary glands and the muscles inside. Locations of deep muscle makes it just a little help support the breasts. Muscles are on thin ligaments called Cooper's ligaments.

Unfortunately, these ligaments are not so strong, so the pressure of such repetitive bouncing motion can be stretched, making the breasts to sag.

A study conducted by Britain's University of Portsmouth in 2011 stipulates that a lot of breast tenderness after exercise experienced by women is the result of the speed of movement of bouncing during exercise, as reported by Livestrong, Wednesday (10/26/2011).

The movement can also cause pain in your upper back and neck because the weight of the breast while moving up and down during exercise. In the study, women reported feeling the most pain when trying to speed up and slow motion when running.

One of the most important ways to prevent breast pain after exercise is wearing a sports bra that helps retain and support the breasts while many moves.

Sport bra not only help reduce the movement up and down, but also sideways movement. Pick a sports bra that can support your breast with a cup size that fits.

Pap Smear Still the Best Way to Learn Cervical Cancer

Jakarta, One way to do early detection of cervical cancer (cervical) is to do a pap smear examination. Although now there are test kits to detect the germs of human papillomavirus (HPV) causes
cervical cancer, pap smear test but still the best way for the detection of cervical cancer.

Recent research states test for human papillomavirus (HPV) is not likely to replace conventional pap smear test as a screening tool cervical cancer (cervical cancer).

Screening with the Pap smear is usually performed on women with age over 30 years. Women aged under 21 years are not recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and gynecologist (ACOG) does a pap smear because their immune still good.

Pap smears at age is too young even to provide mental stress due to excessive concerns about cancer. Immune women under 21 years are also good that is rarely affected by cervical cancer.

"Screening (Pap smear) cervical cancer is a public health success story. The number of women die from cervical cancer has been reduced by half due to regular screening," said Dr.. Evelyn P. Whitlock, a preventive medicine specialist from the Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research in Portland, Oregon, as quoted from MSNHealth, Tuesday (18/10/2011).

Preventive Services Task Force United States has issued guidelines for cervical cancer screening in 2003 which has been fixed and the Annals of Internal Medicine published on October 18, 2011.

To compare the two types of testing, the researchers analyzed four studies that included nearly 142,000 women. HPV has led to many cases of cervical cancer. Thereby incorporating HPV testing into cervical cancer screening program will be more effective.

But researchers found that most of the HPV test has a false positive result. False positive results can lead to unnecessary treatment costs and anxiety for many women.

"According to new reports, the HPV test is more sensitive but less specific than pap smear test. It is causing more and more women are in fact nothing wrong with his health condition, but possess a positive HPV test result, and it can cause potential damage," said Dr. . Whitlock.

During a pap smear test, scrapes cells from her cervix and examined in the laboratory. A type of test called a Pap smear test liquid-based cytology and HPV testing to be performed at the same time.

How is the course of the examination pap smear?

Female patients will be asked to sit in a chair gynecologist (sit astride), then the doctor will take a sample of mucus from the cervix using a spatula. These samples will be examined under a microscope. Taking this mucus can run fast and painless if the patient is relaxed.

There are several ways you can do to prevent cervical cancer:
1. Apply a healthy lifestyle so that the immune system intact.
2. Stay away from smoking.
3. Avoid sex before marriage or in their teens.
4. Avoid having sex during menstrual period
5. Avoid sex with multiple partners.
6. Undergo regular pap smear tests.
7. HPV vaccination

Men Also Need Cervical Cancer Vaccine

Jakarta, cervical cancer vaccines or cervix in women has been considered not optimal. To be more protected women, men also need to be vaccinated as often transmit the virus that causes
cervical cancer to their partner.

These recommendations submitted by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently, through the director of immunization Anne Schuchat. The man who became a priority to get cervical cancer vaccine is teenagers, ages 11-12 years.

As is known, one of the causes of cervical cancer is human papilloma virus (HPV) especially types 16 and 18. This type of virus infects not only women but also men and can cause genital warts and in rare cases can lead to cancer of the penis.

But the suggestion to give the HPV vaccine in males are not solely intended for the prevention of genital warts only. The main objective remains to protect women, because men who are infected but have no symptoms often transmit the virus to their partners.

"Girls who want to be vaccinated so far not too much. Vaccination for men to be the most effective choice when vaccination coverage in women is never optimal," Schuchat said as quoted from NYdailynews, Wednesday (26/10/2011).

Giving the vaccine in men believed to be effective in limiting the spread of HPV, because men can spread the virus is in many ways. Than through direct genital contact during sex, HPV can also be transmitted to the mouth while performing oral sex.

Among women, cervical cancer or cervical cancer is one of the most deadly type that kills 270,000 women worldwide each year. In Indonesia alone, an estimated 37 per hour there is a new diagnosis of cervical cancer deaths by one every 1 hour.

Pill and Pregnancy Lower Risk of Ovarian Cancer

Jakarta, Using birth control pills for 10 years can reduce the risk of ovarian cancer as much as 45 percent. Overall, women who take birth control pills for a long time have a risk about 15 percent less likely to develop ovarian cancer than those who never took birth control pills at all.

Drinking birth control pills for more than 10 years had the greatest impact in reducing the risk of ovarian cancer, followed by pregnant women and mothers who have more than one child.

Among women using the pill for one year or less, tererang risk of ovarian cancer is about 28 per 100,000 per year. For women who take the pill for at least 10 years, this risk decreased by about half to around 15 per 100,000 per year.

Women who become pregnant have a 29 percent lower risk of developing ovarian cancer compared with women who had never been pregnant. Among women who had never been pregnant, tererang risk of ovarian cancer is 34 per 100,000 per year. For women who have been pregnant at least once, this risk drops to about 24 per 100,000 per year.

In large families, the benefits are also getting bigger. In women who have children, each additional child lowers ovarian cancer risk as much as eight percent.

"Ovarian cancer is difficult to detect, so prevention is the key to saving women who suffer from this disease. The results of this study is important because most women do not know that birth control pills or pregnancy can help reduce the risk of ovarian cancer later in life," says Naomi Allen, Cancer epidemiologists Research from the University of Oxford England.

The study, reported by Medicalxpress.com, Thursday (12/27/2011) It has not set how factors such as birth control pills and pregnancy can reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. One theory that can be given is that birth control pills or pregnancy can alter hormone levels can affect a woman's risk of developing the disease
.

While able to protect against ovarian cancer, birth control pills can increase the risk of breast cancer that will disappear after use is stopped. Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cancer attacking women in the UK with more than 6,500 cases are diagnosed each year.

"Women should be reassured that contraceptive pills are not only effective in preventing pregnancy, but also beneficial to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. The results of this study indicate at least balanced by the increased risk of breast cancer," said Dr. Richard Edmondson, female oncologists Cancer Research from the University of Newcastle.

"To put things in context, it is estimated that if 100,000 people are women who use the pill for ten years or more, then there will be 50 more cases of breast cancer will occur, but there will be 12 fewer of ovarian cancer. The drug is important for women if the family's risk of ovarian cancer, "added Dr. Edmonson.